Dr Albert Barnes Writes a Grand Commentary

Dr Albert Barnes died on December 24, 1870, in West Philadelphia, USA, at the age of 72.

Barnes was born at Rome, New York, on December 1, 1798 and graduated from Hamilton College, New York, in 1820, and from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1823.

His ordination as a Presbyterian minister came in 1825, in Elizabethtown, New Jersey and he held Presbyterian pastorates at Morristown, New Jersey from 1825 to 1830, and then the First Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia for 37 years until 1867, when he resigned and was made pastor emeritus.

When he preached in his Philadelphia church that Christ had died for all men – and not simply the ‘elect’ – the charge of heresy had been brought against him.

In 1835 he was brought to trial for heresy by the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia, and was acquitted, but his accusers succeeded in having him suspended from the ministry,

“For one year he was made to sit in silence in a pew in his own church and hear others preach!” (500 Sermons, by T. de Witt Talmage, Volume 4, page 292).

He was again acquitted of heresy in 1836. The charges of heresy primarily related to his comments on Romans and the fact that Barnes broke from strict Calvinism and taught that man had free will to accept or deny the Gospel. He encouraged people to exercise their power of choice, and to respond to God’s offer of salvation

The trial stirred up much bitterness. Barnes’ view was shared by other Presbyterians, identified as the New School branch, of which Barnes was a leader. In 1837 the Presbyterian church split between the conservatives and progressives. Barnes went with the progressive New School.

While being a gifted preacher he is remembered for his expository works which are said to have wider use than any others of their class.

The Schaff/Herzog Encyclopaedia tells us that Dr Barnes was “a truth-loving, earnest, conscientious man of God” (page 215).

Barnes’ New Testament Notes had sold a million copies by 1870.

His Commentary on the Bible has been reprinted and is still as valuable as ever for its profound scholarship. Spurgeon, while not giving unqualified approval, does say, “no minister can afford to be without it…” (Commenting on the Commentaries, page 14).

A current sales description for the Commentary says, Barnes “summarised the views of all the key expositors up to his time. He excelled in easy-to-follow, note-style commentary writing, and some of his treatments of controversial passages are unsurpassed in the way opposing views are contrasted and resolved. Some parts of his work, notably his notes on Job, Psalms, Isaiah and Daniel, stand high among the best commentaries on these books. Always full of information.”

He was an advocate of total abstinence from alcohol, was a staunch proponent of the abolition of slavery, and worked actively to promote Sunday-school. The reason Barnes’ writings are so reader friendly is that they were primarily written with Sunday School teachers in mind.

Albert Barnes nurtured some unusual ideas. It is reported that he would not fish with bait on a hook since he considered it to be a form of deception.

In an address given when he was 70, “Life at Threescore and Ten”, he said he wanted to die quickly, not with a lingering disease. Two years later his wish was granted when he died suddenly while visiting a friend.

This post is based on notes by my late friend Donald Prout. I have updated these historical posts with information gleaned from other sources. I am indebted to Don for awakening in me an interest in Church History. Don’s notes can be found at: www.donaldprout.com

Adam Clarke, Wesley’s Great Asset

This is the day that … Adam Clarke preached his first sermon.

He was about 21 years of age at the time – the date of his birth is uncertain – but this young Irishman had come to faith in Christ through the ministry of some itinerant Methodist preachers.

In 1778 (when he was perhaps 18 years of age) he joined the Methodist Church, led his sister, Hannah, to the Saviour, and found himself as ‘helper’ to Rev. Bredin. “Tomorrow,” said this wise man of God, “you will preach to the Methodists some five miles from Derry.” “I will do the best I can,” replied Adam, “with God’s help.”

Thus it was – on 19 June, 1782 – that Adam Clarke expounded I John 5:19: “We know that we are of God, and the whole world lieth in wickedness”. The congregation was so impressed that they invited him to stay overnight and preach to them again at 5 o’clock the next morning – which he did!

Mr Bredin had seen the potential in this young man and already written to John Wesley in England. Wesley replied that he would be pleased if Adam Clarke came to England to assist in the work there.

The rest is history. Not only did Adam Clarke become one of Wesley’s most loyal preachers and president of the Methodist Conference, in 1806, but his fame lives on in his massive Bible Commentary – the work of 40 years.

He died of cholera on 26 August, 1832.

This post is based on the work of my late friend Donald Prout whose love for books and Christian history led him to collate a daily Christian calendar. I continue to work with Don’s wife, Barbara, to share his life work with the world. I have updated some of these historical posts and will hopefully draw from Don’s huge files of clippings to continue this series beyond Don’s original work. More of Don’s work can be found at www.donaldprout.com.